- Who and where were the Moors? The Moors were inhabitants of Sicily, Maghreb, Malta, & the Iberian Peninsula. In 711, they invaded the Iberian Peninsula and thrived in Al-Andalus until 1492. This was where the Moors first started. Moor was the term for African people.
- Who and where were the Venetians? In the 15th century, the Venetians expanded to Italy and "from Istria to Albania". By 1796, after the Turks-Venetians war, the Republic of Venice began to decline and eventually collapsed.
- Who and where were the Florentines? The Republic of Florence was founded in 1115. When Alessandro de'Medici was titled the Duke of Florence in 1533. "Alessandro's successor was made Grand Duke of Tuscany." The Medici held power until it died out in 1737.
- Who and where were Turks? The Turks reached their height in the 16th and 17th centuries under Suleiman the Magnificent. They controlled parts of Asia, Europe, and North Africa. It had 32 provinces at the start of the 17th century.
- Where was Cyprus? It is a Mediterranean island on the Southern coast of Turkey.